Rebellion and Redemption

Crisis in Eden Lesson #2 for January 9, 2016

Scriptures: [Genesis 1:28; 2:15-17; 3:1-7,10-19; Romans 8:17; Matthew 6:26][i].

1.    This lesson will be a discussion of what happened in the Garden of Eden. What did God create? What happened to God’s beautiful garden?

2.    Genesis 1:31ii tells us that after God had created our world, He declared that it was very good. It is clear today that things are not “very good.” How did this earth get from that perfect beginning to where we are now? What is the explanation for the chaos, insecurity, violence, war, pollution, oppression, and exploitation that we see in our world today? The story in Genesis 1&2 is the beginning of our world’s history. We will look at how Satan was involved. What was the role of the serpent/snake? What does that mean for our understanding of the great controversy.

3.    For Bible-believing Christians, Genesis 1 tells of the seven 24-hour, “evening and morning,” days in which God created our world. After each of those days, God pronounced His work “good.” While it is possible, as many believe, that our earth was here long before creation week-looking something like our moon does now or, perhaps, Mars-it was the creation week that produced the beautiful world we call the Garden of Eden.

4.    After creating the Garden of Eden step-by-step, God announced blessings for humans in three specific areas. When Adam and Eve were created, God blessed them also with a similar encouragement to be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth. (Genesis 1:28iii) Genesis 1:22iv tells us that God had blessed the sea creatures and the birds in a similar way, telling them to be fruitful and multiply.

5.    But, human beings were given an additional blessing and responsibility. They were given “dominion” over all other living things. That was supposed to be a caring, protective relationship.

6.    Finally, in Genesis 2:3[v], human beings were given the blessing of the seventh-day Sabbath. Human beings were made to be distinct and separate from animals. They were given the power of speech and the power of free choice. No other creature on earth has these abilities. Thus, human beings were made “in the image of God” and given those special abilities and are clearly not products of any alternative view of origins such as evolution.

7.    It is interesting to note that in the process of creation, God produced clearly-defined boundaries: Light versus darkness, waters above and waters below, land and sea, night and day, men and women. He also produced two very important trees placed in the midst of the garden with very opposite effects on human beings. On one side was the tree of life; on the other side, was the tree of knowledge of good and evil.

8.    Read Genesis 1:4,6-7,14,18,21,24-25vi. God wants us to understand certain clearly defined boundaries. He wants us to understand what our relationships to others in our universe should be. God gave very specific instructions to Adam and Eve. They were to eat daily of the tree of life. But, they were never to eat the fruit from the tree of knowledge of good and evil. (Genesis 2:15-17)vii Serious consequences would result if they did. They were not even to go near that tree. Adam and Eve understood that they were free to eat of all the trees in the garden except that one. What was so unusual about that one tree? Was its fruit poisonous? Why were they not even to go near it?

The tree of knowledge had been made a test of their obedience and their love to God. The Lord had seen fit to lay upon them but one prohibition as to the use of all that was in the garden; but if they should disregard His will in this particular, they would incur the guilt of transgression. Satan was not to follow them with continual temptations; he could have access to them only at the forbidden tree.

Should they attempt to investigate its nature, they would be exposed to his wiles. They were admonished to give careful heed to the warning which God had sent them and to be content with the instruction which He had seen fit to impart.—Ellen G. White, Patriarchs and Prophets, p. 53.3. [Bold type is added.]

9.    Did God tell them just enough about that tree to make them curious? Ellen White suggested that not only God but also the angels warned them about that tree.

Holy angels...gave instruction to Adam and Eve concerning their employment, and also taught them concerning the rebellion of Satan and his fall.—1SG 20; TA 49.3.

He [Adam] stood before God in the strength of perfect manhood, all the organs and faculties of his being fully developed and harmoniously balanced; and he was surrounded with things of beauty, and conversed daily with the holy angels.—2SP 88; TA 49.4. [Bold type and content in brackets are added.]

10.    Are there things about which God tells us we must not become involved in our day? What about sin, disobedience, stealing, gambling, adultery, jealousy, envy, covetousness, some forms of worldly entertainment, etc. Think how much better our lives can be and will be if we avoid those things.

11.    Read Genesis 3:1-7viii. What do we know about that snake? He was referred to in some cases as a serpent. Is a serpent different from a snake? When the children of Israel were traveling through the desert, they complained about the food. When they did complain, God, in effect, said: “You do not understand all the protections that I have been giving you every day. Let Me remove some of My protections, and you will see what I have been doing.” (See Numbers 21:5-9; Deuteronomy 8:15.)ix As we know from that story, a bronze serpent was made and set on a pole so that all who trusted in God’s healing powers could look upon it and live. Unfortunately, their very concrete ways of thinking led them to preserve that bronze serpent for 700 years and actually place it in the courtyard of the temple as an object of worship. King Hezekiah finally destroyed it as recorded in 2 Kings 18:4[x]. We are also reminded of the story of the serpent in Revelation 12:7-12xi. In that passage he was called the “ancient serpent.” Isn’t it clear that John was referring to the story of the Garden of Eden?

12.    Read Genesis 3:1xii again. Unfortunately, very few of us who read this passage are able to understand the original Hebrew. The original Hebrew implies that Satan’s question should read something like this: “Did God really say, ‘You must not eat from any tree in the garden’?”

13.    Let us be clear that the serpent or snake in the tree was no ordinary animal. Reviewing what we know from Revelation 12:9, he is called that “ancient serpent,” the Devil, Satan, the deceiver of the whole world. So, who is the Devil or Satan? The word Devil comes from the Greek word diabolos, and the word Satan comes from the Hebrew shatan. The word diabolos might even suggest a kind of mudslinger-someone who wants to smear someone else’s person or reputation.

14.    When the serpent asked Eve that question, what was he implying? Consider some of the other questions that were only implied:

1.    Did God really say that? The way the question was asked, it could not have been answered by a quick, “No.” There were obviously other issues behind the question.

2.    Why would someone try to imply that God had said something that God clearly had not said? What was the purpose of the question?

3.    The question is stated in such a way as to suggest that God had forbidden Adam and Eve from eating of any tree in the garden! What we see is that the serpent was not making a simple inquiry of Eve. He was implying a lot of terrible things about God.

15.    Read Genesis 2:16-17xiii. What had God actually said? We do not know how many different trees there were in the Garden of Eden. But, we do know that there was only one tree from which they were forbidden to eat-not as an arbitrary rule but rather, for their own protection. So, what we see is that the serpent-and we know that the real person speaking was the Devil himself-was trying to imply that God is very stingy with His blessings. Would God ever make a beautiful garden with beautiful fruit hanging everywhere and then tell the occupants of the garden not to eat any of it?

16.    In actual fact, God was a very generous God, giving them permission to eat from all but one tree in the garden. Moreover, placing that one tree in the garden gave Adam and Eve a clear choice: 1) Follow God’s directions at all times, or 2) Venture onto dangerous ground by eating of the fruit of that one tree. In other words, that one tree gave them a kind of freedom of choice.

17.    But, as we noted in Ellen White’s words above, there was perhaps an even more important reason why that tree was placed there. That tree was to be a protection for them. Satan would not be allowed to follow them wherever they went throughout the garden, continually tempting them to disobey God. How do we know that Satan was limited to that one tree? Clearly, God forbade Adam and Eve from going there. And if you were Satan and you wanted to tempt Adam and Eve and you were free to go anywhere in the garden, wouldn’t you go to the tree of life? Thus, we see that it was never God’s intention to limit their freedom or to prohibit them from enjoying the fruits in the garden; He was only trying to protect them from Satan whose only access to them in the garden was that one tree.

18.    Ellen White suggested that the tree of knowledge had been put on other worlds; but, they had rejected it, and it was finally removed. But, our planet was different.

All heaven took a deep and joyful interest in the creation of the world and of man. Human beings were a new and distinct order. They were made “in the image of God,” and it was the Creator's design that they should populate the earth.—Ellen White, Review and Herald, Feb. 11, 1902 par. 1; 1SDABC 1081.3; TA 48.1.

19.    Notice Eve’s first response to Satan’s questioning. Read Genesis 3:2-3xiv. Eve knew clearly that she was supposed to stay away from that tree; and, in fact, although we do not have record that God had not said so, she told the Devil that they were not even to touch it.

20.    And then, Satan unleashed his most deceptive and dangerous lie, saying: “You will not surely die.” (Genesis 3:4xv) So, what was she supposed to do? There were two remarkable beings: God Himself on the one side; and that talking serpent in the tree, making diametrically opposite statements.

21.    Read Genesis 3:5xvi. It is true that by eating of the tree, they would come to know both good and evil. But, God had been trying to prevent them from ever knowing evil. The Devil was trying to suggest that God was not being honest with them and, in fact, was withholding something from them which was very good.

22.    Can you think of other areas in life-even in your life-where Satan has tried to deceive by mixing truth with error? How many churches and other religions mix truth with error? Does our church ever do that?

23.    Genesis 1:26xvii tells us that Adam and Eve were made to be like God, that is, in His image. So, in fact, they were already like God. They did not need to eat of the forbidden fruit to become more “like God.”

24.    But, again, the way in which they would become more like God was in knowing good and evil, or knowing everything. There are many things that we are better off not knowing: All types of sin; many modern destructive habits such as smoking, drinking, and using illegal drugs; tasting unhealthy types of foods; and, of course, many forms of entertainment.

25.    Think of the vast array of fantastic foods that God had provided for them in the Garden of Eden. Why did they need to eat that one fruit from that one tree? But, that is what happened. Adam and Eve should have learned from the mistakes of Lucifer/Satan and his followers in heaven.

26.    Read Genesis 3:6-7xviii. What happened when Adam’s and Eve’s eyes were opened? They discovered that they were naked! They were no longer covered with that special God-given light. They had separated themselves from God through their disobedience. Then, they felt guilty, ashamed, and frightened. What do you think actually changed when they sinned? They lost their covering of light. And they were no longer allowed to eat of the tree of life. Can you think of other changes that must have taken place at that point? Are there any forbidden fruits that we might be tempted to partake of in our day?

27.    We are told that someday we will see the plan of salvation in 3-D, living color, spread out across the skies in a kind of panorama. (GC 666.3) We will be able to trace the terrible history of sin from its origin in heaven to its final end with the destruction of Satan. But, it may be a long time before we fully understand all the details and implications of that sad experiment. Clearly, Adam’s and Eve’s relationships with God changed. Their relationship with each other changed. Their relationship to the environment and to the other creatures on this earth also changed. They were specifically told that the serpent had become their enemy. (Genesis 3:15, GNB, “I will make you and the woman hate each other.”)

28.    We will, no doubt, spend eternity studying the plan of salvation. Certainly, that must include many details about sin and its effects. We do not know exactly all that it will involve.

Angelic perfection failed in heaven. Human perfection failed in Eden, the paradise of bliss. All who wish for security in earth or heaven must look to the Lamb of God. The plan of salvation, making manifest the justice and love of God, provides an eternal safeguard against defection in unfallen worlds, as well as among those who shall be redeemed by the blood of the Lamb. . .The death of Christ on the cross of Calvary is our only hope in this world, and it will be our theme in the world to come.—Ellen G. White, ST, December 30, 1889 par. 4; 5SDABC 1132.8; OHC 45.4. [Bold type is added.]

29.    Read Genesis 3:10-19xix. Notice how changed Adam’s and Eve’s thinking had become. God called out to them. They were trying to hide from God! They were ready to blame God for their sins! God gently reminded them that in order to be restored to a relationship with Him, they needed to admit responsibility for what they had done.

30.    God also cursed the serpent. This is not just a matter of causing humans to despise snakes but also a clear condemnation of the one who had used the snake for his own diabolical purposes. Eve was told that she would have pain in childbirth, and Adam was told that he would have to toil and sweat to raise the food that they would eat.

31.    Being expelled from the garden, they were faced with a choice: Continue in their rebellion or seek to return to a right relationship with God. The other creatures were no longer in full subjection to Adam and Eve.

32.    What evidences can you see in our world still suggesting that God is good and that He is very generous with us?

Look around: we can see not only incredible beauty but incredible design as well, all of which testifies to our Creator’s love. For instance, think about such things as apples, oranges, tangerines, strawberries, blueberries, avocados, tomatoes, lemons, limes, watermelons, almonds, pecans, pears, plums, carrots, peas, bananas, pineapples, pomegranates, broccoli, kale, brussels sprouts, onions, raspberries, cherries, celery, papaya, eggplant, rhubarb, spinach, melons, and on and on. Is it just by chance that all these are so tasty (well, some people don’t like brussels sprouts!), so good for us, and just happen to grow out of the ground bearing their own seed? Of course not.—Adult Sabbath School Bible Study Guide for Friday, January 8.

33.    What evidences can you see in the world around you of the destructive consequences of sin? For a start, what about animals killing and eating other animals!

34.    It was God’s plan for us to live forever in perfect peace and harmony in the beautiful setting of the Garden of Eden. But, look what has happened to us!

35.    What is implied by Genesis 3:15xx? Is that truly good news?

36.    How does the life and death of Jesus help to resolve the problems produced by that first sin?

37.    When God told us that the serpent is to be our enemy, was He just warning about poisonous snakes? Or, was there a much larger danger He was trying to warn us about? Why is it that despite the fact that God declared Satan to be our enemy, so many people still think of God as our enemy?

38.    In the great controversy, the real question that human beings have to understand and answer for themselves is, “Who is telling us the truth?” Is sin deadly? Or, was God lying to us as Satan still insists? Satan claims that sin is perfectly safe. How many humans act as if that is true?

39.    Jesus came and lived His life on this earth. When His ministry was nearing its conclusion, He warned His disciples several times that He was going up to Jerusalem to be handed over to the Pharisees and Sadducees and end up being killed by the Romans.

40.    Was it really the Romans who killed Jesus? The real answer is, “No!” Jesus died of sin. That occurred in the Garden of Gethsemane where we are told He fell dying to the ground; (DA 693.1) and later, it occurred again after being crucified on Calvary as He experienced the ultimate separation from God which results in death. (Isaiah 59:2xxi)

41.    The life and death of Jesus has given us the opportunity as individuals to answer the questions raised in the Garden of Eden. We can choose to live as much as possible the kind of life Jesus lived and continue to live for eternity; or, we can choose to continue in our rebellion as recommended by Satan, and we will die the kind of death which Jesus died, separated from God. Are those issues completely clear to you? Which will you choose?

© 2015, Kenneth Hart, MD, MA, MPH. Permission is hereby granted for any noncommercial use of these materials. Free distribution of all or of a portion of this material such as to a Bible study class is encouraged.    !nfo@theox. org

i-Genesis 1:28 blessed them, and said, “Have many children, so that your descendants will live all over the earth and bring it under their control. I am putting you in charge of the fish, the birds, and all the wild animals.

2:15 Then the LORD God placed the man in the Garden of Eden to cultivate it and guard it. 16 He told him, “You may eat the fruit of any tree in the garden, 17 except the tree that gives knowledge of what is good and what is bad.[a] You must not eat the fruit of that tree; if you do, you will die the same day.”

3:3 Now the snake was the most cunning animal that the LORD God had made. The snake asked the woman, “Did God really tell you not to eat fruit from any tree in the garden?”

2 “We may eat the fruit of any tree in the garden,” the woman answered, 3 “except the tree in the middle of it. God told us not to eat the fruit of that tree or even touch it; if we do, we will die.”

4 The snake replied, “That's not true; you will not die. 5 God said that because he knows that when you eat it, you will be like God[a] and know what is good and what is bad.”[b]

6 The woman saw how beautiful the tree was and how good its fruit would be to eat, and she thought how wonderful it would be to become wise. So she took some of the fruit and ate it. Then she gave some to her husband, and he also ate it. 7 As soon as they had eaten it, they were given understanding and realized that they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and covered themselves.

10 He answered, “I heard you in the garden; I was afraid and hid from you, because I was naked.”

11 “Who told you that you were naked?” God asked. “Did you eat the fruit that I told you not to eat?”

12 The man answered, “The woman you put here with me gave me the fruit, and I ate it.”

13 The LORD God asked the woman, “Why did you do this?”

She replied, “The snake tricked me into eating it.”

God Pronounces Judgment

14 Then the LORD God said to the snake, “You will be punished for this; you alone of all the animals must bear this curse: From now on you will crawl on your belly, and you will have to eat dust as long as you live. 15 I will make you and the woman hate each other; her offspring and yours will always be enemies. Her offspring will crush your head, and you will bite her offspring's[a] heel.”

16 And he said to the woman, “I will increase your trouble in pregnancy and your pain in giving birth. In spite of this, you will still have desire for your husband, yet you will be subject to him.”

17 And he said to the man, “You listened to your wife and ate the fruit which I told you not to eat. Because of what you have done, the ground will be under a curse. You will have to work hard all your life to make it produce enough food for you. 18 It will produce weeds and thorns, and you will have to eat wild plants. 19 You will have to work hard and sweat to make the soil produce anything, until you go back to the soil from which you were formed. You were made from soil, and you will become soil again.”

Romans 8:17 Since we are his children, we will possess the blessings he keeps for his people, and we will also possess with Christ what God has kept for him; for if we share Christ's suffering, we will also share his glory.

Matthew 6:26 Look at the birds: they do not plant seeds, gather a harvest and put it in barns; yet your Father in heaven takes care of them! Aren't you worth much more than birds?

ii-Genesis 1:31 God looked at everything he had made, and he was very pleased. Evening passed and morning came—that was the sixth day.

iii-Genesis 1:28 blessed them, and said, “Have many children, so that your descendants will live all over the earth and bring it under their control. I am putting you in charge of the fish, the birds, and all the wild animals.

iv-Genesis 1:22 He blessed them all and told the creatures that live in the water to reproduce and to fill the sea, and he told the birds to increase in number.

v-Genesis 2:22 He blessed them all and told the creatures that live in the water to reproduce and to fill the sea, and he told the birds to increase in number.

vi-Genesis 1:4 God was pleased with what he saw. Then he separated the light from the darkness,

6-7 Then God commanded, “Let there be a dome to divide the water and to keep it in two separate places”—and it was done. So God made a dome, and it separated the water under it from the water above it.

14 Then God commanded, “Let lights appear in the sky to separate day from night and to show the time when days, years, and religious festivals[a] begin;

Footnotes:

1. Genesis 1:14 religious festivals; or seasons.

18 to rule over the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness. And God was pleased with what he saw.

21 So God created the great sea monsters, all kinds of creatures that live in the water, and all kinds of birds. And God was pleased with what he saw.

24 Then God commanded, “Let the earth produce all kinds of animal life: domestic and wild, large and small”—and it was done. 25 So God made them all, and he was pleased with what he saw.

vii-Genesis 2:15 Then the LORD God placed the man in the Garden of Eden to cultivate it and guard it. 16 He told him, “You may eat the fruit of any tree in the garden, 17 except the tree that gives knowledge of what is good and what is bad.[a] You must not eat the fruit of that tree; if you do, you will die the same day.”

viii-Genesis 3:3 Now the snake was the most cunning animal that the LORD God had made. The snake asked the woman, “Did God really tell you not to eat fruit from any tree in the garden?”

2 “We may eat the fruit of any tree in the garden,” the woman answered, 3 “except the tree in the middle of it. God told us not to eat the fruit of that tree or even touch it; if we do, we will die.”

4 The snake replied, “That's not true; you will not die. 5 God said that because he knows that when you eat it, you will be like God[a] and know what is good and what is bad.”[b]

6 The woman saw how beautiful the tree was and how good its fruit would be to eat, and she thought how wonderful it would be to become wise. So she took some of the fruit and ate it. Then she gave some to her husband, and he also ate it. 7 As soon as they had eaten it, they were given understanding and realized that they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and covered themselves.

ix-Numbers 21:5 and spoke against God and Moses. They complained, “Why did you bring us out of Egypt to die in this desert, where there is no food or water? We can't stand any more of this miserable food!” 6 Then the LORD sent poisonous snakes among the people, and many Israelites were bitten and died. 7 The people came to Moses and said, “We sinned when we spoke against the LORD and against you. Now pray to the LORD to take these snakes away.” So Moses prayed for the people. 8 Then the LORD told Moses to make a metal snake and put it on a pole, so that anyone who was bitten could look at it and be healed. 9 So Moses made a bronze snake and put it on a pole. Anyone who had been bitten would look at the bronze snake and be healed.

Deuteronomy 8:15 He led you through that vast and terrifying desert where there were poisonous snakes and scorpions. In that dry and waterless land he made water flow out of solid rock for you.

x-2 Kings 18:4 He destroyed the pagan places of worship, broke the stone pillars, and cut down the images of the goddess Asherah. He also broke in pieces the bronze snake that Moses had made, which was called Nehushtan. Up to that time the people of Israel had burned incense in its honor.

xi-Revelation 12:7 Then war broke out in heaven. Michael and his angels fought against the dragon, who fought back with his angels; 8 but the dragon was defeated, and he and his angels were not allowed to stay in heaven any longer. 9 The huge dragon was thrown out—that ancient serpent, named the Devil, or Satan, that deceived the whole world. He was thrown down to earth, and all his angels with him.

10 Then I heard a loud voice in heaven saying, “Now God's salvation has come! Now God has shown his power as King! Now his Messiah has shown his authority! For the one who stood before our God and accused believers day and night has been thrown out of heaven. 11 They won the victory over him by the blood of the Lamb and by the truth which they proclaimed; and they were willing to give up their lives and die. 12 And so be glad, you heavens, and all you that live there! But how terrible for the earth and the sea! For the Devil has come down to you, and he is filled with rage, because he knows that he has only a little time left.”

xii-Genesis 3:3 Now the snake was the most cunning animal that the LORD God had made. The snake asked the woman, “Did God really tell you not to eat fruit from any tree in the garden?”

xiii-Genesis 2:16 He told him, “You may eat the fruit of any tree in the garden, 17 except the tree that gives knowledge of what is good and what is bad.[a] You must not eat the fruit of that tree; if you do, you will die the same day.”

xiv-Genesis 3:2 “We may eat the fruit of any tree in the garden,” the woman answered, 3 “except the tree in the middle of it. God told us not to eat the fruit of that tree or even touch it; if we do, we will die.”

xv-Genesis 3:4 The snake replied, “That's not true; you will not die.

xvi-Genesis 3:5 God said that because he knows that when you eat it, you will be like God[a] and know what is good and what is bad.”[b]

Footnotes:

1. Genesis 3:5 God; or the gods.

2. Genesis 3:5 know what is good and what is bad; or know everything.

xvii-Genesis 1:26 Then God said, “And now we will make human beings; they will be like us and resemble us. They will have power over the fish, the birds, and all animals, domestic and wild,[a] large and small.”

Footnotes:

1. Genesis 1:26 One ancient translation animals, domestic and wild; Hebrew domestic animals and all the earth.

xviii-Genesis 3:6 The woman saw how beautiful the tree was and how good its fruit would be to eat, and she thought how wonderful it would be to become wise. So she took some of the fruit and ate it. Then she gave some to her husband, and he also ate it. 7 As soon as they had eaten it, they were given understanding and realized that they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and covered themselves.

xix-Genesis 3:10 He answered, “I heard you in the garden; I was afraid and hid from you, because I was naked.”

11 “Who told you that you were naked?” God asked. “Did you eat the fruit that I told you not to eat?”

12 The man answered, “The woman you put here with me gave me the fruit, and I ate it.”

13 The LORD God asked the woman, “Why did you do this?”

She replied, “The snake tricked me into eating it.”

God Pronounces Judgment

14 Then the LORD God said to the snake, “You will be punished for this; you alone of all the animals must bear this curse: From now on you will crawl on your belly, and you will have to eat dust as long as you live. 15 I will make you and the woman hate each other; her offspring and yours will always be enemies. Her offspring will crush your head, and you will bite her offspring's[a] heel.”

16 And he said to the woman, “I will increase your trouble in pregnancy and your pain in giving birth. In spite of this, you will still have desire for your husband, yet you will be subject to him.”

17 And he said to the man, “You listened to your wife and ate the fruit which I told you not to eat. Because of what you have done, the ground will be under a curse. You will have to work hard all your life to make it produce enough food for you. 18 It will produce weeds and thorns, and you will have to eat wild plants. 19 You will have to work hard and sweat to make the soil produce anything, until you go back to the soil from which you were formed. You were made from soil, and you will become soil again.”

Footnotes:

1. Genesis 3:15 her offspring's; or their.

xx-Genesis 3:15 I will make you and the woman hate each other; her offspring and yours will always be enemies. Her offspring will crush your head, and you will bite her offspring's[a] heel.”

xxi-Isaiah 59:2 It is because of your sins that he doesn't hear you. It is your sins that separate you from God when you try to worship him.

Table of Contents

i

ii

iii

iv

v

vi

vii

viii

ix

x

xi

xii

xiii

xiv

xv

xvi

xvii

xviii

xix

xx

xxi

i-

ii-

iii-

iv-

v-

vi-

vii-

viii-

ix-

x-

xi-

xii-

xiii-

xiv-

xv-

xvi-

xvii-

xviii-

xix-

xx-

xxi-